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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people discover that medications aid in managing anxiety. However, they are not the only solution. Exercise and psychotherapy can be effective treatments too. Certain antidepressants, including SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also treat anxiety. Others, like histamine blockers such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also offer relief. Antidepressants If you're diagnosed with depression, your doctor may prescribe medication as part of your treatment program. Antidepressants are among the most commonly prescribed medications and there are a variety of kinds to pick from. The type of medication your doctor prescribes depends on the severity of your symptoms as well as any other medical conditions you suffer from, as well as your the goals of your treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They alter the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. They accomplish this by increasing the amount of certain neurotransmitters, which improves mood and anxiety. Antidepressants can take several weeks to yield results, so be patient and stick to your regimen. Benzodiazepines may also be prescribed by your doctor to treat anxiety or depression. These medications are fast-acting and can help relieve anxiety and depression symptoms in a short period of time. Examples of benzodiazepines include lorazepam and alprazolam. They block the action of noradrenaline and adrenaline which are hormones that play a role in the fight or flight response. Monoamine inhibitors of oxidase are a type of antidepressant that can be effective in treating anxiety and depression. These are often prescribed to people who have not responded to other antidepressants. They also require changes in diet in order to avoid hypertensive effects caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription inform your doctor about any other medications you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You may need to lower your dosage if you're using other medicines that can affect the way antidepressants work, or if they cause side effects. If you're worried that you're experiencing thoughts of suicide, seek assistance immediately from a medical professional. You might have different symptoms for depression and anxiety, or you may be suffering from comorbid depression and anxiety. Those with comorbid depression and anxiety have a poorer medical prognosis than people who have only one disorder. Certain psychiatric drugs have been proven to be particularly effective in treating both disorders for people who suffer from comorbid depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines Anxiety-related symptoms can be alleviated through benzodiazepines. These include alprazolam (Xanax) and the clonazepam (Klonopin), chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan). These drugs work by affecting the benzodiazepine-receptors in the central nervous system which are five transmembrane protein molecules that make up an benzylchloride channel in the central. The benzodiazepine-receptors also have a site that binds the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma aminobutryic type A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines increase the concentration of GABA-A, thereby decreasing nerve activity and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are known to have a quick time to begin their action, however they pose a risk for dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants along with anticonvulsants and buspirone have a slower time of action, but are still better for long-term use, as they do not produce tolerance or addiction. Anxiety and depression are often comorbid, and antidepressants can reduce depression symptoms that are associated with anxiety. However, many people with depression experience a mixture of depressive and anxious symptoms and will need the combination of medication and talk therapy to control all their symptoms. In these cases, benzodiazepines can be employed for brief durations to treat anxiety and depression symptoms until other medication takes effect. Typically, these medications are prescribed for only just a few weeks at a stretch and are not taken daily. These medications should not be used for extended durations as they can cause withdrawal symptoms such as shaking or trouble sleeping. If you are considering taking benzodiazepines, tell your doctor about any prior substance abuse or dependence issues, as well as any other mental health issues you have. Your doctor can talk about possible side effects and recommend alternative treatment options for your depression, if required. Benzodiazepines can create serious and potentially life-threatening issues if you take too much or haven't previously taken them. If you are nursing, pregnant or have any history of liver disease or digestive or respiratory disorders your doctor may suggest lower doses or limit the duration of treatment with these drugs. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the chance of developing side effects and dependence, therefore you should not drink alcohol while you are taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to aid in the control of anxiety symptoms. They are a kind of medication different from benzodiazepines like Xanax and they work by blocking the receptors to which adrenaline binds. They also slow down brain and nervous system activity. They could be a good alternative to benzodiazepines, which are more prone to the risk of addiction and dependence. Beta blockers, that reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate, are frequently prescribed to treat heart conditions. They are also beneficial in treating anxiety. They are not FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorders. These medications are used “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are an excellent option if other antianxiety medications don't work or have unacceptable adverse side negative effects. They are especially effective in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where unpleasant symptoms can manifest during events that trigger anxiety. They can be used in conjunction with other treatment methods such as CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly effective as an alternative therapy for people with GAD. GAD is characterized by constant and recurring anxiety that can hinder daily activities. They can also aid in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, such as a racing pulse or increased sweating. Beta-blockers can help ease anxiety-related physical symptoms, but they do not address underlying mental issues that contribute to the condition. They are recommended as a supplement to other treatments, such as SSRIs and benzodiazepines. It is important to discuss your medical history and any other health concerns with your physician prior to taking beta-blockers. The use of these medications is associated with reduced suicidal and psychiatric hospitalisations However, the results differ depending on the specific psychiatric condition and past psychiatric history. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. panic anxiety disorder contain similar properties to beta-blockers, but are not as effective. These include antioxidants, as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. The effectiveness of these natural supplements isn't fully understood. Certain supplements could cause serious adverse side adverse effects, therefore it is recommended to consult a doctor before taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs affect the way your mind works. They block the function of an enzyme known as monoamine oxidase. This enzyme reduces the chemical compounds serotonin and norepinephrine, which enable brain cells to communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to remain in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and boosts your mood. These drugs are also effective in treating anxiety disorders, particularly anxiety-related disorders such as agoraphobia, mixed depression and anxiety. They are less effective in treating pure anxiety, and they may not help with a panic attack. The effectiveness of MAOIs is due to the fact that they boost levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are naturally produced in your body and released into the bloodstream, where they are transported to nerve cells, and act as a messenger between neurons. The first antidepressant that was developed in the 1950s was Iproniazid, which blocked monoamine oxidase. This led to other MAOIs such as tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid and fluoxetine, which are widely used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. MAOIs could trigger serious withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped. They can also trigger dangerous interactions with food and drugs. A newer MAOI, a selective, irreversible MAOA-A inhibitor is being researched to determine its effectiveness in treating depression resistant to treatment. It is not recommended to use in bipolar disorder as it may cause manic symptoms. Another MAOI that is newer, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being investigated to treat Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, however, it does not affect other enzymes which break down levodopa, the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These drugs can be used as a stand-alone treatment or in conjunction with other antidepressants. MAOIs can cause hyperreflexia and increased neuromuscular excitation in certain patients. This may manifest as eyelid twitching, and other symptoms. These reactions may be more common if these medications are used in conjunction along with certain food items, such as aged cheeses or preserved meats.